A crucial part of a PhD application is the research proposal. Researcher at Lancaster University provides a few suggestions on what to include and what to avoid.
In making an application, make sure that the specialist area you wish to study is covered by a member(s) of staff at the University you want to apply. You can do this by checking either individual staff profiles, or by reading their Doctoral Brochure or the University’s Prospectus - both of which normally you can get online. You can also explore staff research interests by reading papers from their extensive archive of research working papers. You can email them for further clarification before proposing research title.
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Source: ERM Blog